Avaliação biológica e constituintes químicos dos frutos de Xanthium cavanillesii

Abstract

The genus Xanthium (Asteraceae), in Brazil, is found mainly in South and Southeast, authors described two species, X. strumarium and X. cavanillesii, this last one is popularly known as “carrapicho de carneiro”, “carrapichão” and “carrapicho grande”. This genus can produce sesquiterpene lactones, sulfonated compounds, diterpenes kauranes, essential oils, phenolic acids. In the X. cavanillesi previous studies had evaluated its antimicrobial, antifungic, diuretic, antiulcerative, topic antiflamatory properties. In other species also already its antimalarial property was studied. In order to study the secondary metabolites and the biological potential were a phytochemical studie of X. cavanillesii. Thus crude extracts of the aerial parts of X. cavanillesii had been gotten by maceration and bioassay front to Artemia salina (Brine Shrimp), by the cytotoxicity using mortality testing. As a result, the ethanolic and aqueous extracts showed biological activity and was testing antimalarial activity in vitro using the P. falciparum W2 clone. Following, the active extracts were fractionated using standard chromatographic methods (CC on silica gel and permeation by Sephadex LH-20). Analyses by HPLC-DAD, 1H and 13C NMR, MS, IR were used to characterize ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and a semi-purified diterpene kaurane. In addition, molecular docking studies were used to explain the mechanism of action against of PfATPase6 model. The results of in silico showed that caffeic acid is the most active of the phenolic acids extracted, while the ferulic acid is the less active compound against PfATPase6.