Estudos dos marcadores culturais na tradução para o espanhol do romance Vidas Secas, de Graciliano Ramos

Abstract

This work is a bilingual study (Portuguese-Spanish) of the Cultural Markers based on a parallel corpus structured from the 134th edition of the novel Vidas Secas (Barren Lives), in Portuguese language (RAMOS, 2017 [1938]), and its translation into Spanish, undertaken by Florencia Garramuño, in Argentina, in 2001 (RAMOS, G., 2008a). The work sought to understand how the cultural marks inherent to the culturally marked lexis, present in the source text, were treated in the translated text. In view of this, it was also possible to verify how the culture of the Brazilian Northeast dialogues with other realities of language-culture through translated literature. In this sense, the translation of the novel acquires an important and delicate status in the face of the diffusion of culture, since literature is materialized through language and the lexical units that make up the language. With this, the translator places himself between the work and the readers, acting as a cultural mediator. This performance has a direct impact on the reception of the work. Therefore, conducting research in this area becomes important to understand how the translation process occurs, questioning the choices made by the translator and the consequent readings that these choices can provide. The process of identifying and analyzing the markers was carried out with the help of the WordSmith Tools 7.0 program. The methodological procedures used in the research have an interdisciplinary character and involve knowledge about the Cultural Markers field of study (AUBERT, 2003, 2006b; VALIDÓRIO, 2008), of Cultural Domains (NIDA, 1945; AUBERT, 2006b; SANTOS; COSTA; BARREIROS, 2021), Corpus Linguistics (BERBER SARDINHA, 2000; MOLÉS-CASES, 2016), Translation Studies (AUBERT, 1995, 1998; LEFEVERE, 2007; BERMAN, 2009; VENUTI, 2019) and Lexicology and Lexicography (OLIVEIRA; ISQUERDO, 2001; KRIEGER, 2021). Altogether, 38 Cultural Markers were inventoried, which behaved with characteristics that belong to the Domain of Ecological Culture, Domain of Material Culture and Social Domain. All the markers were organized in a lexicographical form that collaborated with the construction of the bilingual glossary.