Avaliação da atividade antifúngica de óleos essenciais da Lippia alnifolia e Lippia origanoides em fungos do gênero Candida isolados de lesões bucais de pessoas vivendo com HIV

Abstract

Candidiasis is an opportunistic disease caused by fungi of the genus Candida, resulting from a dysbiosis of the oral or intestinal microbiome. This disease is highly prevalent in people living with HIV and serves as a marker of progression to AIDS in individuals not undergoing antiretroviral treatment. Different plant species of the genus Lippia have raised scientific interest due to their biological activity with immunomodulatory and antimicrobial properties and their potential use as a therapeutic alternative for controlling and treating candidiasis. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the antifungal action of essential oils of Lippia alnifolia Mart. & Schauer and L. origanoides Kunth, which are rich in carvone and carvacrol, respectively, on Candida fungi isolated from lesions of people living with HIV The essential oils were extracted from plant species of Lippia alnifolia and Lippia origanoides from the municipalities of Rio de Contas and Feira de Santana, respectively, in the State of Bahia. Nine fungi of the genus Candida were isolated, identified through biochemical tests. Phytochemical screening of essential oils and evaluation of antifungal activity were carried out using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. Oils from Lippia alnifolia and Lippia origanoides were not toxic to PBMC at all concentrations tested, as they allowed cell viability greater than or equal to 90%. The essential oils of Lippias alnifolia and origanoides showed antifungal activity with MIC varying between 0.125 and 10% and 0.25 and 0.5% respectively, and could be a promising alternative in the treatment of infectious diseases of fungal origin