Diversidade genética e potencial do cultivo in vitro de acessos de maracujazeiro (Passiflora spp.)

Abstract

The aim of this work was to investigate genetic diversity and develop or adapt in vitro cultivation methods for passion fruit (Passiflora spp.) accessions. The plant material used involved 71 accessions from Embrapa Semiárido's Active Germplasm Bank. For the molecular marker analyses, the amplification pattern of the genotypes was assessed using five pairs of SSR primers and eight ISSR primers. Analysis of the 71 individuals from the ten Passiflora species using ISSR markers indicated greater intra-population similarity, while SSR markers showed greater inter-population diversity. Although the SSR markers showed high genetic diversity among the Passiflora populations present in Embrapa Semiárido's Active Germplasm Bank, high heterozygosity was observed. Micropropagation techniques were used to obtain the plants and different formulations of culture media and light qualities (white light or blue and red LED) were tested for 11 accessions of P. cincinnata. On the other hand, the responses to the different culture media were clearly genotype-dependent, with DKW medium standing out, considering the need for better adaptation to in vitro conditions according to the genetic material used. Illumination with blue and red LED light had no great influence on the number of buds and height in vitro, as these wavelengths of light did not significantly affect the various vegetative parameters analyzed. Micropropagation made it possible to preserve the different genotypes, especially accessions 5, 26, 52, 54 and BRS Sertão Forte.