Representações Sociais de familiares de prematuros sobre Método Canguru

Abstract

This is a study that addresses the Social Representations of family members of premature infants about the Kangaroo Method (KM), considering the economic, social, cultural and behavioral aspects existing in the family that experiences the process and its influences. The general objective is: To understand the social representations of family members of premature infants about the Kangaroo Method and the resulting care practices, and specific objectives: To describe the senses and meanings of the Kangaroo Method from the perception of family members of premature infants hospitalized in the Kangaroo Intermediate Care Unit (UCINCa); To understand the facilities and difficulties experienced by family members during their stay in the Kangaroo Method and To implement the Family Welcoming Program in the Kangaroo Method, outlining CCF strategies within the management action plan. This is a qualitative study, anchored in the Theory of Social Representations, through a procedural approach, according to the nuances of Denise Jodelet and Serge Moscovici, allowing us to delve into the genesis of the SRs originating from the group of belonging, the processes of their elaboration, and the elements that constitute them. It was developed at UCINCa, in the West of Bahia, with the participation of mothers and fathers of premature babies admitted to this sector, with a total of 20 family members. The collection was done through the projective technique of the Drawing-Story with theme, and through Conversation Circles. For the conversation circles, Bardin's content analysis (2011) was used, and the material was also processed in the Iramuteq software, generating the descending hierarchical classification (CHD). The material produced by the Projective Technique was analyzed using Coutinho (2001), and the narratives in relation to the drawing were processed using the Iramuteq software, formulating the similarity analysis. For ethical purposes, the research is in line with resolutions 466/2012, 510/2016, and 580/2018, carried out only after assessment and deliberation by the Ethics and Research Committee (CEP). The results are presented based on the triangulation of the data using the three analysis techniques, considering that there is an ambiguity of feelings, elements of beliefs, and that the senses and meanings that emerged refer to temporality. As these family members experience the CM, they bring new social representations about the object, or reconstruct them. Learning, preparation for hospital discharge, strengthening of emotional bonds, family reconnection, social isolation, family challenges, perception of care and support, and observation of the baby's improvement were impressions that came to light in the face of the social object. The unveiling of these representations allowed the construction of the family support program at the MC, bringing the perspective of family-centered care, minimizing the emotional impact experienced so far, and contributing to the learning of new forms of care that focus on the vulnerabilities and subjectivities of individuals.