Conflitos fundiários rurais nas comunidades de fecho de pasto de Porcos, Guará e Pombas, em Correntina (BA): subsidios para gestão territorial participativa no Oeste baiano

Abstract

This study analyzes the context of the traditional fundo e fecho de pasto communities of Correntina, the western municipality of the state and the identity territory of the Current Basin, which demand the regularization of their territories in lands traditionally occupied and common use for many generations, but which have been expropriated by agrarian and agroindustrial elites with a view to advancing the model of production landowner, monoculture and exporter. In this sense, it was proposed to continue the work of articulating instruments of participatory methodology to the local knowledge in the joint elaboration of a work that can be configured as a useful tool to advance self-management, self-demarcation and regularization of traditional territories. The purpose of the dissertation is to characterize rural social and land conflicts through Participative Social Diagnosis, an initial and fundamental step, in the perspective of self-management of the territory by the communities and other actions in favor of territorial self-demarcation. We have as a cut the analysis of the traditional communities of Porcos, Guará and Pombas fecho de pasto in Correntina. The methodological procedure proposes to articulate the bibliographical, documentary and field research, of an exploratory and participatory nature, based on the concepts of State, power, hegemony; agrarian question, modernization in the field and Participative Social Diagnosis. For that, empirical information was collected, through technical visits to the field, interviews and meetings with the communities, followed by workshops, with people from the communities. The assessment found that the hegemonic model of rural production in Correntina is sustained through the production of poverty and the exploitation of natural resources and the population, the worsening of land and socioenvironmental conflicts, and the rise of rural violence. This is driven by the continued concentration of land ownership and the lack of self-identification, demarcation, and regularization of public lands and traditional territories, all with the support of the State and in favor of agribusiness expansion. In contrast, traditional fundo and fecho de pasto communities have mobilized on many fronts and have shown that access to water and land is fundamental to preserving their communal way of life; and fight for the State to move forward with the identific