Análise das alterações nos resultados dos exames colpocitológicos emSalvador, Bahia, nos últimos cinco anos

Abstract

Introduction: In Brazil, in 2021, the mortality rate from cervical cancer, adjusted for the world population, was 4.51 deaths/100,000 women, ranking fourth as the cause of death for Brazilian women. Regarding the incidence, still in Brazil, it is estimated for 2023, 13.25 new cases per 100 thousand women per year, presenting itself as the third most common type of cancer among women, excluding non-melanoma skin tumors. Objective: Evaluate the results of Pap smear tests in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Methods: An evaluative study of the Cervical Cancer Information System (SISCAN) in Salvador from 2018 to 2023, employing descriptive statistical analyses and the Poisson regression model. Results: The system recorded 348,317 oncologic cytologies from women residing in Salvador, with 337,310 exams classified as satisfactory, and 79.86% conducted in the target age group (25 to 64 years). 5.97% of these samples showed alterations in the results, with the most predominant being ASC-US at 2.13%, LSIL at 1.30%, and ASC-H at 1.22%. 82.78% of the samples had results issued within 30 days. The indicator that did not meet quality parameters throughout the study period was the proportion of the Transformation Zone's representation, showing only 46.21%. The Poisson regression model revealed that repeat examinations proved to be a protective factor, while the presence of highgrade lesions (HSIL) was identified as a risk factor, especially in older age groups. Conclusion: The study highlights the need to improve the collection of colposcopic examinations in Salvador, with a focus on capturing the Transformation Zone in samples, providing exams for the target population, and maintaining longitudinal monitoring of women with altered exams, especially in HSIL results