A argumentação nos discursos de vereadores da Câmara Municipal de Feira de Santana sobre a greve dos professores municipais de 2022

Abstract

The City Council is like an arena for political contests and the action of political agents who are closest to the population. Through the representation of a specific group or the entire population, these agents take place on a tribune and their argumentative speeches that aims to convince their audience about what they defend Ordinary Sessions Nºs 35, 36 and 37/2022 of the Feira de Santana City Council were the stage for one of the most remarkable moments of this Legislative House, due to the public controversy of the speeches made by the councilors during the time of the opposition and government leadership developed. The aforementioned controversy refers to the occupation of the City Hall for civils servants who worked as teachers, represented by the APLB – Union of Education Workers of the State of Bahia, initially attended by several councilors who took part in a meeting with the Mayor, and however, resulted in a violent confrontation with the municipal guard, leading several injured, and being the main topic for several reports locally till state level. On account of this researcher work as a Editor at the Feira de Santana City Council and the less emphasis dedicated to the municipal parliament in the studies about legislature, this research aims to understand the public controversy surrounding the 2022 municipal teachers' strike, based on the speeches of the Government and Opposition Leaders in the aforementioned Sessions, as well as, characterizing the auditorium; identify doxa; and understand the functioning of the argumentative schemes in the selected statements. The corpus of this research is constituted by the Session prior to the public controversy, nº 35/2022; the Session that took place shortly after the public controversy, nº 36/2022; and the subsequent Session, nº 37/2022, in the figures of the Opposition and Government Leader councilors. The theoretical approach that supported the analyzes were established according to the studies of Aristotle's rhetoric and the new rhetoric of Perelman and Olbrechts-Tyteca, the latter, in accordance with the Treatise on Argumentation: the new rhetoric. The approaching used as the basis for analyzing the corpus were developed by Charaudeau (2011) and Piovezani (2003) to deal with political speech; Fiorin (2018) and Amossy (2020) to handle with the speaker, the audience and the doxa. From this point of view, a discursive-argumentative perspective was used, which fits into the qualitative approach of the documentary type, considering that the corpus was presented in written form, based on the audio transcription of the selected statements. In this perspective, it is hoped that this work may contribute to future research, as well as to the building of knowledge related to argumentation in political discourse, mainly at the municipal level.