Aspergillus terreus isolamento, identificação e avaliação da capacidade catalítica na redução de cetonas pró-quirais

Abstract

The object of this inquiry is the isolation, the selection and the potential evaluation of a microorganism with biocatalytic activity in carrying out selective-stereo biorreduction of pro-chial ketones. In the research procedure, Fungi was isolated from soil samples contaminated with lead. Only one of the isolates fungi, identified as Aspergillus terreus, presented good catalytic activity in the reduction of acetophenone. The biomass was grown submerged in broth culture, inoculated with 1,1 x 103 (spores/mL of malt extract) and maintained at 30°C under orbital agitation. Morphological differences and catalytic activity were evaluated in function of the orbit of agitation during the growth process. The catalytic activity in terms of conversion of acetophenone and enantiomeric excess (S), ee_S, in 1-feniletanol, was determinate in conjunction with the growth curve of the fungus. The results were used to construct a graphic showing the variation of quality of the catalyst, according to age of biomass. Apart from acetophenone were tested o-Xacetophenone, p-Xacetophenone and m-Xacetophenone (X = methyl, methoxy, nitro, fluorine, bromine). For reaction with 24 hours growing cells (30°C; 150rpm/r = 50mm), the conversions were between 27% and 97% with ee_S between 41% and 83%. For reactions with cells in suspension in buffered medium (pH = 4.5 – 6,5) was decrease in activity/selectivity at pH above 5.5. The kinetics of conversion was evaluated for biomasses with different ages and for various concentrations of acetophenone. An amount between 100mg and 200mg of biomass (dry mass) with 168 hours of culture can convert 100mg of acetophenone to 1(S)-feniletanou ee_S (91%) with 98% yield in 72 hours of reaction (93% at 48 hours). The development of this process described above, constitutes the body of this thesis.