O índio no livro didático de história e a (des)construção de representações pelo professor indígena Pataxó

Abstract

This essay presentes the results of some research, which has the object of studying an indigenous teacher and his discursive perspective about the didactic book of history it was atmed at identifying more specifically how this teacher brings into pieces the representations of the indian in the didactic book of history. The authors of this text were four teachers who have been teaching or taught the subject of history at the Indigendus School of Pataxó Coroa Vermelha – Red Crown located in the country of Santa Cruz de Cabrália in the south of Bahia. Having the accomplishment of this investigation done in this aforementioned school was necessary to obtain the altogether authorization as the followed: from the chief of the village Coroa Vermelha Red Crown, from the direction of the body of teachers who was investigated, from National Foundation of Indian (FUNAI) as well as the Committee of Ethics and Research Involved with Humanbeings (CEP), from the University of the State of Feira de Santana (UEFS). This piece of research is about the representation of the Indians cantained in the didactic book of History also contemplating the specifications of the book of the grade school witch was adapted by the school among others indicated by the government. Besides, the analysis of texts and the images presented in one of the chapters mentioned in the book which particularly deals with the indigenous peoples. This piece of reseach was of qualitative nature and having the interview semistructered as the main instruments of collecting the data, furthermore the verbal texts and imagery presented in the didactic book. The data were analyzed from the theoreticalmethodological perspective of the analysis of the images it was verified that although the chapter of the book analyzed and used by the teachers in their work the material brings along some advancements in relation to the thematic of the book contains images and verbal texts with stereotyped representations about the Indians. We could find the indigenous teachers put together in a critical way the representations and verbal speeches and imagery contained in the didactic book among many factors in themselves. We quote: the preservation of their traditions costums and cultural in heritance, the use of specific didactic materials from their culture and the technological Resources available in the school due to continued academic background as well as the knowledge of specific legislation aiming at education of the Indians among others. The indian peoples acquire each day more knowledge about their rights and personalized education and education also surpasses the planning of specific and didactic books whest quality fits the maximum of the culture of the indigenous peoples. This piece of research contributes to rethink the distortions that are still present in the didactic book of history related to the images and verbal texts about the Indians considered in its most important aspects the discursive perspective of the indigenous teachers in the context of the school of Pataxó. This points out the necessity of re evaluating the didactic books produced with the participation or even the striking direction of the Indians taking into account the view of the diversity of specificity and the rich variety of the culture of indigenous peoples of pataxó.